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Balasaheb Keshav Thackeray (Marathi: बाळासाहेब केशव ठाकरे; pronounced /ʈʰakəɾe/) (born on 23 January 1926 in Balaghat, Madhya Pradesh, India), popularly known as BalasahebThackeray, is an Indian politician, founder and chief of the Shiv Sena (Hindu nationalist,[1]Marathi ethnocentric and populist party active mainly in the western Indian state ofMaharashtra). He considers himself a modern Hindu god.
Early life and career
Balasaheb Thackeray was born to Keshav Sitaram Thackeray (also known as Prabodhankar Thackeray in Balaghat, Madhya Pradesh because of his articles in his fortnightly magazine named Prabodhan or 'Enlightenment') in a lower-middle class, Marathi family. Keshav Thackeray was a progressive social activist and writer who was against caste biases and played a key role in the Samyukta Maharashtra Chalwal(literally, United Maharashtra Movement) in the 1950s to form the Marathi-speaking state of Maharashtra withMumbai as its capital.
Balasaheb Thackeray started his career as a cartoonist in the Free Press Journal in Bombay.[2] His cartoons were also published in the Sunday edition of The Times of India. In 1960, he launched a cartoon weekly Marmik with his brother.[2] He used it to campaign against the growing numbers of and influence of non-Marathi people in Bombay targeting Gujaratis and South Indian labor workers.[2]
He formed the Shiv Sena on 19 June 1966 with the intent of fighting for the rights of the natives of the state of Maharashtra (called Maharashtrians).[3] The early objective of the Shiv Sena was to ensure job security for Maharashtrians competing against immigrants from southern India, Gujaratis and Marwaris.[4]
Politically, the Sena was anti-communist, and wrested control of major trade unions in Mumbai from the Communist Party of India and demanded protection money(extortion) from mainly Gujarati and marwari business leaders. It later allied itself with the Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP) over the common issue of Hindu Nationalism which both parties believed in. The BJP-Shiv Sena combine won the 1995 Maharashtra State Assembly elections and came to power. During the tenure of the government from 1995 to 1999, Thackeray was nicknamed 'remote control' since he played a major role in government policies and decisions from behind the scenes.
On July 28, 1999 Bal Thackeray was banned from voting and contesting in any election for six years from December 11, 1995 on the recommendations of the Election Commission.[6] After the six-year voting ban on Bal Thackeray was lifted in 2005, he voted for the first time in the 2006 BMC elections.[7]
Thackeray has claimed that the Shiv Sena has helped the Marathi manoos (the Marathi commoner) in Mumbai and also fought for the rights of Hindu people,Thackeray is a staunch Hindu and believes that Hindus must be organised to struggle against those who oppose our identity and religion.[8] especially in the public sector.[9] Opposition leftist parties allege that the Shiv Sena has done little to solve the problem of unemployment facing a large proportion of Maharashtrian youth during its tenure, in contradiction to its ideological foundation of 'sons of the soil.'[10]
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